It's been quite the two years since President Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law on March 23, 2010. Here's what's been implemented year-by-year >
2010
- All new plans must cover certain preventive services such as mammograms and colonoscopies without charging a deductible, co-pay or coinsurance.
- Up to 4 million small businesses are eligible for tax credits to help them provide insurance benefits to their workers.
- States will be able to receive federal matching funds for covering some additional low-income individuals and families under Medicaid for whom federal funds were not previously available.
- A new $15 billion Prevention and Public Health Fund will invest in proven prevention and public health programs that can help keep Americans healthy—from smoking cessation to combating obesity.
- Efforts are made to crack down on health care fraud.
- Expanding coverage for early retirees—the new law creates a $5 billion program to provide needed financial help for employment-based plans to continue to provide valuable coverage to people who retire between the ages of 55 and 65, as well as their spouses and dependents.
- A Pre-Existing Condition Insurance Plan provides new coverage options to individuals who have been uninsured for at least six months because of a pre-existing condition.
- The law provides a website, HealthCare.gov, where consumers can compare health insurance coverage options and pick the coverage that works for them.
- Young adults are allowed to stay on their parent's plan until they turn 26.
- Insurance companies cannot rescind coverage.
- The law provides consumers with a way to appeal coverage determinations or claims to their insurance company, and establishes an external review process.
- Insurance companies are prohibited from imposing lifetime dollar limits on essential benefits, like hospital stays.
- Insurance companies' use of annual dollar limits on the amount of insurance coverage a patient may receive is restricted for new plans in the individual market and all group plans.
- The new law includes new rules to prevent insurance companies from denying coverage to children under the age of 19 due to a pre-existing condition.
- Insurance companies are accountable for unreasonable rate hikes.
- New incentives are made to expand the number of primary care doctors, nurses and physician assistants, including funding for scholarships and loan repayments for primary care doctors and nurses working in underserved areas.
- Consumer assistance programs in the state are established.
- More funding for community health centers.
- Payments for rural health care providers.
What else happened:
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June 17—HHS released rules on how group health plans can keep their grandfathered status.
[Click here for ongoing coverage of the Supreme Court arguments on health reform and the individual mandate]
2011
- People with Medicare can get key preventive services for free, and also receive a 50 percent discount on brand-name drugs in the Medicare "donut hole."
- Certain free preventive services should be provided, such as annual wellness visits and personalized prevention plans, for seniors on Medicare.
- To ensure premium dollars are spent primarily on health care, at least 85 percent of all premium dollars collected by insurance companies for large employer plans are spent on health care services and health care quality improvement.
- The discrepancy between what is (over)payed to Medicare Advantage insurance companies and what is paid to a person on original Medicare is addressed.
- A new Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation is established.
- Care improved for seniors after they leave the hospital.
- The new Community First Choice Option allows states to offer home and community based services to disabled people through Medicaid rather than institutional care in nursing homes.
What else happened:
August 1—Draft regulations that mandate that insurance plans cover women's contraceptive expenses as part of the preventive care provisions taking effect after Aug. 1, 2012 are proposed. Religious groups are angered.
October—The administration announced it won't implement the CLASS Act provision of the health law that set up a voluntary long-term care insurance program.
[Click here for ongoing coverage of the Supreme Court arguments on health reform and the individual mandate]
2012
- Accountable care organizations are introduced.
- Reduces rebates paid to Medicare Advantage plans and provides bonus payments to high–quality plans.
- To help understand and reduce persistent health disparities, the law requires any ongoing or new federal health program to collect and report racial, ethnic, and language data.
What else happened:
Jan. 20— HHS amended the rule on women's contraception coverage. Churches and other religious organizations are still exempted but religiously affiliated organizations must still provide such coverage to employees. HHS grants them an extra year to comply.
Feb. 15—Obama announced changes in the contraception coverage requirement, saying that under the revised policy, religiously affiliated employers will not have to pay for such coverage, but instead insurers offering the plan for those employers will pick up the cost.
March 12—The administration released a health exchange blueprint.
[Click here for ongoing coverage of the Supreme Court arguments on health reform and the individual mandate]
And beyond
The major provisions of the law, however, including the controversial individual mandate to purchase coverage and requirement that insurers accept all comers, don't take effect until 2014—if the law isn't struck down or repealed.
[Read about the good, the bad and the ugly of health reform.]
[Click here for ongoing coverage of the Supreme Court arguments on health reform and the individual mandate.]
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