Floridians were most in favor of Medicaid expansion; 68 percent say they support it. In Texas, the figure is 63 percent.

Residents of five large states — Ohio, California, Florida, New York, and Texas — were queried for the study. Based on responses from some 5,000 people in those states, who were asked about the quality of care they were receiving, a majority of those in the Sunshine and Lone Star states feel their care has deteriorated in the last two years. They see expansion of Medicaid as a move that would help them.

Texans are most unhappy about the cost of their care, the study shows, as 65 percent say they experience big hikes in the out-of-pocket responsibilities, to the point where they have to cut their home budgets elsewhere to pay for medical care.

But it's the same story in other states, as nearly 6 in 10 say the cost of their care went up over two years. Meanwhile, 87 percent of those surveyed who did not have insurance say they tried to get it via an exchange, but couldn't afford it.

Yet the results from the two major expansion resisting states is difficult to ignore, the Institute's Garson said.

"This isn't necessarily a political statement, this is simply, 'What's the data?' And the data are Texas and Florida, the two without Medicaid expansion, are having perceived problems with cost and quality worse than the other three," Garson says.