In his ruling, Eginton, who presides in Bridgeport, wrote, in part: “The court finds the plaintiffs have plausibly alleged more than an entitlement to lower-cost prescription drugs or breach of contract. … The complaint plausibly alleges the defendant CIGNA acted with scienter by alleging that it intentionally sought to charge excess amounts for prescription drugs and that it required the pharmacies to conceal from the insureds the amounts of the prescription drug costs.”

The lawsuit claims violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and violation of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act against both defendants. Eginton denied the motion to dismiss most claims, but did dismiss the RICO claim against OptumRx, while keeping the RICO claim against Cigna.

The lawsuit cites numerous alleged examples of the defendants and their agents taking clawback and/or so-called spread payments thousands of times each day from pharmacies across the country. Examples cited in the lawsuit show a class member in November 2014 paid a pharmacy a $20 co-payment for the prescription drug Amlodipine Besylate, 1,043 percent more than the actual $1.75 fee paid to the pharmacist. Without disclosing it to the consumer, the lawsuit alleges, the defendants clawed back the $18.25 overcharge.

In another cited case, a class member, also in November 2014, paid a pharmacy a $20 co-payment for the prescription drug Clopidogrel, a 468 percent premium over the actual $3.52 fee paid to the pharmacist. Again without disclosing it to the customer, defendants clawed back the $16.48 overcharge, the lawsuit states.

Craig Raabe, a partner with Izard, Kindall and Raabe in West Hartford and attorney for the plaintiffs, called Eginton's decision, “A great ruling for consumers. We now look forward to going into the discovery phase.”

That phase, Raabe told the Connecticut Law Tribune Tuesday, should determine “the mechanism and scope of the overcharges. Discovery will also determine how much in overcharges there have been and how many people were overcharged. We are seeking reimbursement for the class for all of the overcharges.”

Raabe said his office became involved in the case after getting a call from a client. “We received a complaint about drug overcharges, investigated the issue thoroughly and discovered the overcharge scheme set forth in the complaint,” he said.

Cigna is represented by Brian Shaffer of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius in Philadelphia. Shaffer did not respond to a request for comment Tuesday.

OptumRx, a subsidiary of the Minnesota-based United Health Care, is represented by Michelle Grant of Dorsey & Whitney in Minnesota. Grant also did not respond to a request for comment.

The five plaintiffs are Kimberly Negron, Daniel Perry, Courtney Gallagher, and Nina and Roger Curol. The plaintiffs are from four states: Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington and Louisiana.