Do you want some of your employees to participate in a healthy initiative like a 5k run? Or Do you want to empower all of your employees to be accountable for improving their health in a way that makes sense for them?

How are you going to measure success?

Do you want to measure success through employees' self-reports? Or do you want to measure success through biometric health data (ex: blood pressure) and decreases in individual claims expenditures over time?

Why do you want to offer a wellness program in the first place?

Do you want to try out something cool and health-oriented in order to promote your company culture? Or do you want to prove, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that a program has measurably impacted the health of your employees, resulted in a sustainable model for group health care, and generated an ROI?

How to choose the best wellness program

After identifying your goals, asking pertinent questions will ensure that you find the best solution for you. Do your due diligence to understand the value, historical data, and impacts of a wellness program before implementing it.

Question: Will this strategy effectively impact the health of my organization?

Participation is critical for a successful wellness program. Ask for the historical participation rate of the program you are considering. If less than 50 percent of your employees are projected to participate, the strategy is severely limited in its ability to have a measurable impact.

Statistically speaking, in your employee population, the unhealthiest 10 percent will comprise 66 percent of total health claim expenditures. What's more is that the unhealthiest 20 percent typically make up 82 percent of expenses. A participation rate that captures less than half of your population likely does nothing to impact these people and their expenses continue to drive the cost of your health plan higher. This point is illustrated by the conclusion of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) that healthier employees (those who already have fewer medical expenses and healthier behaviors) are likely to be the ones participating in your program.

Short answer: Wellness programs statistically have low participation rates and end up attracting employees who are already considered healthy. This typically leaves the unhealthiest people, who cause 82 percent of total health care expenditures, unengaged and unimpacted.

Question: Will this solution reduce expenses or create excess expenses?

If your unhealthiest employees are successfully being incentivized to improve their health risks (meaning they are losing weight, reducing cholesterol, bringing blood pressure or glucose back to normal levels, etc.) then the program is reducing the need for prescriptions and treatments, thus reducing claims expenses. However, If your unhealthy employees are not being effectively incentivized, your wellness program may sound good in theory, but it will not produce results. NBER did not find statistically significant effects on average medical spending after one year of wellness program implementation.

Short answer: Without measurable health improvements and decreased medical spending, a wellness program is an added expense.

Question: How will this program measure success for my employees and reduce my health expenses in the long run?

What methods does the program use to incentivize, track, and measure health improvements? Does it operate with self-reports or data? Do my employees have someone to help them through the process or are they on their own?

Self-reports of healthy behaviors and productivity do not have significant impact on health care expenses because they rely on a person's awareness, which is fallible. Programs that use data-based health reports are undeniably accurate.

For example, measuring and recording biomarkers in the participant's blood in tandem with analyzing their claims history will show you data that illustrates whether or not your program is reliable in showing an ROI. Additionally, make sure the program is equipped with personable professionals. For example, if there is a health coach who is accountable for developing and maintaining a relationship with employees throughout their health journey, they can create clinical reports to track participant's progress and help empower an individual to achieve their goals.

Short answer: Health improvements for employees should be measured in hard numbers and data reports. Measures of BMI, Blood pressure, Blood Glucose, LDL Cholesterol, and Tobacco Use and how they change overtime will directly relate to success for your employees. Measurable health improvements correlate to measurably saved health care dollars in the long run. As employees bring their health biomarkers back into healthy ranges, their need for treatments and prescriptions decrease.

Question: How will this program be accountable for helping my organization decrease my health care expenses in the long run?

It begins by making sure that the culture of the wellness program aligns with the vision you have for the culture of health at your own organization. Does this program have any skin in the game? Is your win their win, too? Or do they make out with optimum profits regardless of impact on your organization? Are they invested in your company's well being? What is their performance guarantee?

Short answer: There are programs out there that profit only when you profit– this is a true partnership. A company that is willing to risk their own revenue is more likely to ensure the success of the program than a company who profits regardless of whether or not they made an impact for you.

When you find a program that effectively engages the top 20 percent of unhealthy employees, empowers them to be accountable for their health, and drives measurable results, it is a strategy worth investing in. When your employees improve their health, their need for treatments and medications fades away. This is how you can take control over your group health care expenses and drive a culture of health with a wellness program.

Alexandra Goebel is the community outreach specialist for BeniComp Insurance Company and a proponent of social justice. She works closely with health insurance industry leaders to deliver insights that empower employers to be a driving force in the movement towards sustainable health care models that improve health.

Read more: 

• Chronic conditions: How to help pick the right health plan for employees
• Investing in holistic wellness leads to more productive employees
• For successful corporate wellness programs, earning trust is key