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The earnings gap exists across all populations, the report found:

• Women earn less than their male counterparts across every racial group, with the biggest differences observable among Asian workers. On average, as of the fourth quarter of 2024, Asian men earned 23% more a week than Asian women, compared to smaller gaps of 16% for Hispanic men and women; 15% for white men and women; and 14% for Black men and women
• The gender wage gap also varies by education level, with a wider gap for those with more advanced degrees than those with less education. At the end of 2024, a man with less than a high school diploma earned 16% more than a similarly educated woman, while a man with an advanced degree earned 25% more per week than a woman with the same degree.
• On an occupational level, pay gap is particularly pronounced within sales and professional roles. Men working in sales earned 30% more than similar women as of the fourth quarter of last year, compared to smaller gap of just 7% between men and women working in farming, fishing and forestry fields.

“Solving this issue cannot be achieved through economic policy alone or simply by creating more female-friendly workplaces,” the report concluded. “It will require tackling each individual factor, both on its own and in consideration of how it intersects with others. However, incremental changes that empower women to access more opportunities and gain economic and workplace power can help move us closer to closing the gap.”